This book discusses: (1) the rationale behind the establishment of prisons and the reasons for the PVL; and (2) the rights guaranteed to prisoners under the PVL. The discussion reveals that the rationale behind the establishment of a prison is not only to punish but serves as a place for the rehabilitation of prisoners which can be achieved through PVL. Under the PVL, certain rights are guaranteed to prisoners such as the right against cruel inhuman and degrading treatment (CIDT); the right against forced labour; the right against exploitation; the right to work; the right to wages; the right to health; and the right to rest and leisure. This study is signifcant because by examining the international law related to the right of a prisoner, there will be an avenue for realising the intended scope of the application of the laws on one hand and the rights protected and guaranteed to prisoners on the other hand.